Graphic
design is a creative process-most often involving a client
and a designer and usually completed in conjunction with producers
of form (i.e., printers, signmakers, etc.)-undertaken in order to
convey a specific message (or messages) to a targeted audience. The
term "graphic design" can also refer to
a number of artistic and professional disciplines that focus on
visual communication and presentation. The field as a whole is also
often referred to as Visual Communication or
Communication Design. Various methods are used to create and
combine words, symbols, and images to create a visual
representation of ideas and messages. A graphic designer may use a
combination of typography, visual arts and page
layout techniques to produce the final result. Graphic
design often refers to both the process (designing) by which
the communication is created and the products (designs) which are
generated.
Common uses of graphic design include identity (logos and branding),
publications (magazines, newspapers, and books), advertisements and product
packaging. For example, a product package might include a logo or other
artwork, organized text and pure design elements such as shapes and
color which unify the piece. Composition is one of the
most important features of graphic design, especially when using
pre-existing materials or diverse elements.
While Graphic Design as a discipline has
a relatively recent history, with the term "graphic
design" first coined by William Addison Dwiggins in
1922, graphic design-like activities
span the history of humankind: from the caves of Lascaux, to
Rome's Trajan's Column to the illuminated
manuscripts of the Middle Ages, to the dazzling neons of
Ginza. In both this lengthy history and in the relatively recent
explosion of visual communication in the 20th and 21st
centuries, there is sometimes a blurring distinction and
over-lapping of advertising art, graphic
design and fine art. After all, they share many of the
same elements, theories, principles, practices and languages,
and sometimes the same benefactor or client. In advertising art the ultimate
objective is the sale of goods and services. In graphic
design, "the essence is to give order to information, form to
ideas, expression and feeling to artifacts that document human
experience."
Source: Wikipedia
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